Human Resources Google culture paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Human Resources Google culture paper - Essay Example developed in consultation with both internal and external stakeholders and all the latest global, economic, social and environmental challenges were taken into consideration. Maersk’s vision is to â€Å"To be the undisputed leader of liner shipping companies† Previously they had a vision to create opportunities in global commerce. Maersk makes sure to fulfill its vision by the help of following mission: Maersk shares some fundamental values with all its 108,000 employees all over the world. These values are deeply engraved in every employee and they are guided by these values regularly. Let’s have a look at each of these 5 core values: 1- â€Å"Constant Care – Take care of today, actively prepare for tomorrow.† Maersk employees believe in preparing for tomorrow beforehand. They work for today and are pro-active rather than reactive. 2- â€Å"Humbleness – Listen, learn, share, give space to others.† Maersk has a very friendly environment for its employees. The employees work closely with each other on projects and try to uplift each other. Every employee at Maersk is respectful towards others, listen to their opinions, and most importantly give them their personal space. 4- â€Å"Our Employees – The right environment for the right people.† Employees are given great importance at Maersk as they are the people behind its great success. Employees are given a challenging and exciting environment to work in. They are supported for great career opportunities all over the world at Maersk. Maersk also is one of the highest salary givers. These values have determined how they interact with employees, customers, and society for more than 100 years. The values continue to serve as an integrated part of the way Maersk carries its business. Their Group CEO embraces the values and sees them as an important part of driving a performance culture and helping the company win in its market places. Maersk faces a few problems in its business that creates big challenges

Beliefs About Students Essay Example for Free

Beliefs About Students Essay It is undeniable that the beliefs about students and education have a profound impact on what is taught and how it is taught, just as the beliefs about life have a profound impact on how individuals live their lives. Educational beliefs are revised and refined and over time becomes stronger as they seem to serve us well and prove to be true. Thus, these beliefs ultimately become our philosophy of education. It is possible that every student that enters a classroom can succeed. However, in order for them to accomplish this, teaching should be student centered. Students should be encouraged to understand and appreciate their uniqueness and to be accountable for their learning and behavior. According to Ornstein and Hunkins (2004) Perennialism relies on the past; especially the past asserted by agreed-on universal knowledge and cherished values. Dunn (2005) also agreed that Perennialism is the oldest educational philosophy and is therefore traditional. It is believed that students are vessels to be filled and disciplined in the proven strategies of the past. This philosophy is supported by the realist philosopher John Locke, who was of the belief that at birth the mind is a blank sheet of paper on which the teacher could write knowledge (Tabula Rasa). According to the essentialist viewpoint, there are certain basic or essential knowledge, skills and understandings that students should master in order to function successfully in the society. These are reading, writing, computing and in today’s world, computer skills. Plato, who was the father of idealism, believed that both male and female are equal and should be educated equally. Therefore, the curriculum is the same for everyone and planning to execution of lessons are dominated by the teacher. However, one should not forget that these beliefs are teacher centered and tend to be more authoritarian and conservative and emphasize only the values and knowledge that have survived through time. Learning occurs through experience, Therefore students should be allowed to develop cognitively through experimentation and to reach their own personal potential instead of being shaped into a specific mould. Dunn (2005) cited Immanuel Kant who agreed that knowledge is rooted in the experience of mankind and can only be achieved by an active and exploratory mind, rather than one that is passive and receptive. Carl Rogers also believed in experiential learning. He believed that unlike academic knowledge, experiential knowledge is required to meet the needs of the learner in order to complete important real-life tasks such as learning to drive a car. Every student is different, no single set of learning outcomes is appropriate for all students. Thus a set curriculum will not be suitable for all. Students should be able to determine what they need to study with the guidance of the teacher. This will help them to arrive at their own understandings. Jean Sartre, a leader of existentialism believed that man’s responsibility is vested in man himself. He further stated that people are entitled to be human with dignity and is a human only when he or she is entirely free and accepts responsibility for his freedom. You may be led to believe that students are blank slates and learn based on mainly academic knowledge that has been tried, tested and proven and that all humans are equal and should be educated equally. However, do not ignore the fact that students are taking to the classroom, their own ideas and materials rather than receiving material in class as it is given. Students restructure the new information to fit into their own cognitive frameworks. In this manner, they actively and individually construct their own knowledge. They also are different thus, the same rigorous curriculum will not work for all students. From these facts one may conclude that in order to help students reach their full potential and gain the knowledge and skills that they will require in their daily lives as a democratic citizen of our society, the student centered approach to how students learn must be practiced. Therefore it is recommended that teachers facilitate students instead of being fountains of wisdom. The teacher should help students in their pursuit for knowledge and also help them acquire the communication, problem solving and critical thinking skills which will enable them to be life-long learners.

Brain Tumors and Work :: Medical Workforce Lesion Essays

Brain Tumors and Work Going Home after a brain tumor or lesion can be exciting, joyous, and fearful for the whole family. It can be hard to leave the security of your doctors and nurses, even though they are only a phone call away. Luckily social services can help homecoming along with the many laws protecting people with disabilities. Employment The workforce includes many individuals with psychiatric disabilities who face employment discrimination because their disabilities are stigmatized or misunderstood. Congress intended Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (1990) to combat such employment discrimination as well as the myths, fears, and stereotypes upon which it is based. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ("EEOC" or "Commission")(2005)receives a large number of charges under the ADA alleging employment discrimination based on psychiatric disability. These charges raise a wide array of legal issues including, for example, whether an individual has a psychiatric disability as defined by the ADA and whether an employer may ask about an individual's psychiatric disability. People with psychiatric disabilities and employers also have posed numerous questions to the EEOC about this topic. The purpose of the ADA is to: (1) provide a clear and comprehensive national mandate for the elimination of discrimination against individuals with disabilities; (2) provide a clear, strong, consistent, enforceable standard addressing discrimination against individuals with disabilities; (3) ensure that the Federal Government plays a central role in enforcing the standards established in this chapter on behalf of individuals with disabilities; and (4) invoke the sweep of congressional authority, including the power to enforce the fourteenth amendment and to regulate commerce, in order to address the major areas of discrimination faced day to day by people with disabilities. The first employment lawsuit filed under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) was on behalf of a brain tumor survivor. In July 1992, Charles L. Wessel, Executive Director of AIC Security Investigations, was fired with one day’s notice after telling his company he had inoperable brain metastases from lung cancer. The Chicago-based company’s owner told Mr. Wessel that his position had been eliminated. On November 5, 1992, the EEOC filed this first federal ADA â€Å"test case† with their Chicago district office. The EEOC claimed Mr. Wessel was able to perform the essential functions of his role of executive director and that his firing violated Title I of the ADA. EEOC lawyers described the case as â€Å"a classic example of the type of

Washington, Adams, Jefferson Presidencies

Washington, Adams,and Jefferson Presidencies Washington Inauguration elected by electoral college unanimously April 30, 1789 1st real test of constitution defined lots of roles and traditions of executive Washington's Crew Sec. Of State- Jefferson Sec. Of Treasury- Hamilton Sec. Of War- Henry Knox Attorney General- Edmund Randolph Pres. met with these men regularly for advice on major policies Creating Court System only court mentioned in the constitution was supreme court Judiciary act of 1789- one chief justice and 5 associate judges could make decisions on constitutionality 3 district courts and three circuit courts of appeals Hamilton to address the govt. financial difficulties assumption- consolidate debts from states to natl. govt. and pay off protect the â€Å"infant† industries- high tariffs to collect duties on all imported goods and limit competition natl. bank- depositing govt. funds and print bank notes to stabilize US currency Arguments of the national bank Elasti c clause- can create laws which are necessary and proper loose constructionist constitution permitted everything not expressly forbidden Washington agreedFeared that states would lose power that the federal govt. gained strict constructionist forbade everything it didn’t permit weak central govt. in favor of states Birth of Political Parties Federalist- Hamilton, Adams and Marshall aristocracy encouraged industry favored alliance w/ great Britain strong central govt. Dem-Republicans-Jefferson and Madison associated w/ masses development of agriculture Washington and NA's Indian intercourse act 1790- congress regulate trade w/ Indians and western land acquired by treaty Americans continued to settle on Indian lands ed to bloody scrimmages TIMMMMMMMMBBBBEERRRRRRR! Battle of Fall Timbers NW Ohio US army led by General Anthony Wayne defeated some Indians Treaty of Greenville Ohio territory given to Americans and open to settlement Whiskey Rebellion angered by excise tax on distil led whiskey small band of PA farmers march toward Philly attacking tax collectors on the way Washington sent 15,000 troops led by Hamilton causes rebellion to collapse Jefferson disagrees new govt proves effective in handling crisis West SideAfter states gave up western land claims congress encouraged western settlement Public Land Act (1796) orderly procedures for dividing selling federal lands at a reasonable price VT '91 KY '92 TN '96 Proclamation of Neutrality (1793) believed America could not handle a European war went against popular belief and chose to stay out of war Jefferson resigned from the cabinet in disagreement Disrespecting Washington French minister Edmond Genet continued pressure Washington after Proclamation broke all and talked directly to the people to support the French WA wanted ambassador removedJefferson supported the removal french recalled Genet remained in US and became citizen Jay Treaty (1794) Jay was sent to Britain to talk about seizures of US ships B ritain agreed to withdraw troops and pay damages for ships America agreed to pay debts angered French supporters maintained neutrality Pinckney Treaty effect of Jay Treaty Spain wanted to consolidate holdings in America Thomas pinckney minister to Spain Spain agreed to open lower Mississippi and New Orleans to America without paying duties Spain agreed to accept US claims to Florida’s northern boundary US agreed on nonaggression in WestWashington's Farewell Address wrote letter to American people warned about : not getting into European affairs, no political parties, no permanent alliances, avoid sectionalism left after two terms and set the precedent for future presidents Election of 1796 active political parties participated in election federalist candidate- John Adams Dem-Republican candidate-Jefferson Adams won by three votes Jefferson became vice president runner-up becomes vice presidents XYZ Affair French warships and privateers began seizing American merchant ships Ad ams sent delegation to Paris to negotiate inisters known as XY and Z requested bribes to enter negotiations America Reacts millions for defense but not one cent for tribute most Americans were outraged and wanted war with France Adams popularity sky rocketed when he refused and raised and army led by Hamilton waged undeclared naval war convention of 1800- no more alliance and don’t have to pay for cargo Federalist strengthen public anger against France strengthened the federalist in congress hoped to enact laws to limit their political opponentsNaturalization Act ncreased the years needed to become a US from 5 to 14 years most immigrants voted Dem-Republican Violating Rights to prevent french revolutionaires from entering the country and crippling Dem-Republicans Alien acts- authorized the president to deport any aliens considered dangerous Sedition act- made it illegal for newspaper editors to criticize govt. KY and VA resolutions state legislatures enacted nullifying laws o f alien and sedition acts KY and VA adopted a resolution- written by Jefferson and Madison both declare states had a right to nullify a federal law Judiciary Act of 1801 o ensure that federalists would continue to control courts Adams used this to add last minute appointments known as â€Å"midnight judges† Marbury v. Madison John Marshall ruled that supreme court did not have power over Jefferson judiciary act of 1789 unconstitutional Jefferson was awarded victory in exchange for Judicial Review Election of 1800 federalists lost popularity hatred of alien and sedition acts taxes for maintaining an army republicans nominated Aaron Burr and Jefferson federalists nominated John Adams Revolution of 1800Thomas Jefferson and Aaron burr tied with 73 votes Hamilton supported Jefferson and HOR elected Jefferson first transition from 1 party to other w/o violence indication constitution would endure federalists changed power Dem-Republicans Ease of Transition maintained national bank and debt repayment attempted to win trust of federalists carried out neutrality policies set by Washington and Adams Republican Principles reduce military eliminated a number of federal jobs repealed excise taxes lowered national debt only republicans were named to his cabinetLouisiana Territory french gained territory from Spanish napoleon wanted to sell the land fighting British stopping rebellion in Santo Domingo US interested Spanish officials revoked right of deposit duty free use of New Orleans prevent America from getting involved in European affairs. Lewis and Clark started in St. Louis in 1804 and arrived on west coast in 1806 increased geographic and scientific knowledge of new territory strengthened us claims to Oregon territory improved relations with natives developed maps and land routes Negotiation for the TerritoryJefferson sent ministers to France to accept an offer no higher than 10 million no deal British American alliance napoleon offered 15 million minister acce pted purchase of louisiana territory americans approved power to purchase land not in constitution purchased land for good of country used power to make treaties senate ratified Consequences of Purchase doubled size of country remove foreign presence from borders extension of western lands strengthened Jefferson vision of agrarian society increased Jefferson’s popularity showed federalists to be weak.

ESL teaching methodologies

The techniques and approaches found in TESOL differ dramatically from those of other areas of teaching because of its student centred and dynamic nature. Furthermore, since TESOL takes place in a multicultural environment; that is, the ESL classroom, intercultural aspects should also be considered, addressed, and ideally, taught. As a result, the cultural diversity found in TESOL and the interactive nature of this field of teaching has an impact on the way language is presented and practised.According to the online articled Why to activate your ESL students' Background Schema, published by Laura Greenwood (2011) on bridgetefl. com, â€Å"it is important to activate your students' experiences with and knowledge of the topic of the listening/ reading†. By activating students' schematta, the teacher is not only directing the students into the topic and creating interest in it but also encouraging them to use language in context.Additionally, experienced and creative ESL teachers may be able to pre-teach contextualized vocabulary whilst activating students' schematta because any unknown lexical items found in listening and reading passages are in fact related to the topic of the text/listening, so the teacher has a context to teach (elicit) these words. Another important strategy adopted by ESL teachers is language elicitation.Rather than introducing a word by saying: â€Å"this is a word and that is what it means† or teaching a grammar point by simply telling the students its rules and form, TESOL teachers often use an essential technique called elicitation, through which students can be involved in the process of discovering and understanding anguage; that is, the teacher uses different techniques to elicit lexical items or grammatical structures that they want to introduce to their students.However, it is usually the case that ESL learners may not know the word or grammatical item that the teacher is trying to elicit, but they will at least know th e concept of the linguistic item intended to be taught, which is still relevant, because knowing the concept of a word or grammar point is considered to be as important as knowing the form. Eliciting† (2009, section 4) states that there are cultures where students are more sed to a teacher centred way of knowledge instruction, which means that they see the teacher as the only person who has the authority to provide knowledge, therefore when eliciting language, TESOL teachers should consider the fact that students from these cultures are less likely to actively participate when the class are asked open questions (who can tell me†¦? Does anybody know†¦? ), and instead try to nominate students to answer questions more often. In fact, the ideal ESL teacher is described by Harmer, J. (2007, p. 08) as â€Å"one who is democratic rather than autocratic, and one who fosters learner autonomy through the use of group work and by acting more of a resource than a transmitter of knowledge†, which contradicts the role of the teacher in many cultures, where they are seen as the sole provider of knowledge.However, when activating schematta and eliciting language, which are essential techniques adopted in TESOL, the students' input is vital, and in order to achieve that, different teachers with different personalities and teaching styles use different techniques to It is common knowledge that language and culture are interrelated, and through the language, English in this regard, ESL learners can, or ideally they should, acquire intercultural knowledge in order to communicate more competently. With this concept in mind, Ability English – an ELICOS centre in Sydney – included an intercultural communication program in their syllabus.Nicholas Kirk, who is the director of studies and designed the course, argues that â€Å"it is almost impossible to teach language in isolation from culture†, therefore he believes that cross-cultural ommun ication should be taught in order to help ESL students use their language skills more effectively. Role plays, group activities, reading and listening passages, videos, among other resources and types of activities can be used to practise language skills (speaking, listening, reading, writing) and other linguistics elements, such as grammar, lexis, and pronunciation, while training students so that they can achieve intercultural competence.In other words, ESL teachers can raise students' awareness to cross-cultural areas, including eye contact, personal space, body anguage, face-saving, individualism and collectivism, and concurrently, or possibly subsequently, use the contextualized content to practise and/or introduce language, enhancing not only their students' language skills but also their interpersonal and interactional effectiveness.Having the language skills is undoubtedly necessary in order to be in contact with people from different cultures, but understanding such culture s is also important in this globalized world, especially in the workplace, since the ultimate goal of ESL learners is to be able to use English to successfully ommunicate with people from other cultural backgrounds. Considering the fact that TESOL allows more flexibility than in other fields of teaching, and that language is a vital element of culture, linguistic and cross-cultural aspects may be taught in conjunction by ESL teachers.In sum, I would like to stress that the teacher's knowledge of the linguistic items being taught is unarguably important in TESOL, as it is in all areas of teaching; however, in the ESL teaching context, it is equally important to use a variety of ethods and strategies to get the students to actively participate in their learning process, since the ESL classroom is an environment where the focus is on the students, rather than on the teacher, resulting in more STT than TTT, which is a primary concept in TESOL.ESL students have one goal in common: to lea rn English to be able to communicate with people from different cultures, but due to multicultural nature of ESL classes, TESOL teachers need to be culturally sensitive, and if possible, in addition to teaching language, devote some time to training their students to be ore inter-culturally competent to help them use language in a multicultural context more effectively.

Free Goodfellas Informative Essay

Free Goodfellas Informative Essay Goodfellas Introduction Crime and American gangster films focus more on the sinister motives of gangsters, especially the criminal figures who operate outside the limits of the law. The crime stories depicted in gangster films usually draw attention to the gangster lifestyle in the sense that they glamorize the rise and fall of a gangster. Most of the gangster movies produced before the 1960s associated gangsters with immorality and unlikable by the larger society, who in most cases ended up being killed or caught by law enforcement. The fundamental moral lesson that are derived from the gangster movies produced before 1960s is that gangsters were villains who caused chaos and evil in the society that was morally upstanding; as a result, the gangsters deserved unhappy endings that they usually received. The Goodfellas is a perfect idolization of the rise and fall of a gangster, which serves to indicate some level of consistency with the moral lessons depicted in most gangster movies. The moral lesson in Goodfellas is consistent with the view that gangsters are villains and bring about chaos; therefore, they usually deserve unhappy endings. The outcome of the end of a gangster lifestyle is notable by the end of the glamour and the beginning of contact with the criminal justice system. In most cases, gangsters are not successful in their endeavors; they turn out to be the losers. However, Henry Hill, who is the main protagonist in the film, is a sympathetic hero that the audience would want to succeed. Despite his initial entry into gangster life by adhering to the codes of conduct, Henry Hill defies these rules, mentions the names of his fellow gangsters including Jimmy and Pauly. In addition, he was a principal witness against them so that he could receive an enrollment at the federal witness protection program. Henry Hill is sympathetic hero because never killed anybody and he is against the brutality and violence of Tommy when undertaking their gangster activities. Despite the fact that he helps Tommy in covering up evidence, he is remorseful regarding the kind of life that he is living. Among all the characters in the movie, Henry Hill is the closest thing to a hero in the movie. The motivation of Henry Hill in criminality is mainly due to his notion of good life. Henry has always wished to be a gangster and considers it as being the best thing when compared to being the president of the United States. This indicates that Henry Hill is not a hero under ordinary circumstances, but turns out to be the closest character that is suitable for the title of a hero. Henrys motivation into criminality is mainly due to his view of a good and successful life Henry always wished to be a part of something that is significant, which resulted to the quitting of schools and becoming involved with gangster activities. His motivation for the gangster life is due to the idolization of the Lucchese crime family gangsters and admits that he has always wanted to be a gangster. Given his viewpoint of success and good life, this movement seems justified since the gangster lifestyle did not get him by chance; rather, it was his dream. There are redeeming qualities that Henry posses. For instance, in the course of his gangster life, he did not kill anybody and that he revealed the names of his fellow villains. However, these qualities are not adequate to keep him from being a villain, owing to the fact that circumstances forced him to do act so. In conclusion, the moral theme in Goodfellas is consistent with the depictions of gangster movies before the 1960s that portrayed gangsters as villains and immoral, who brought about chaos and evil in a society that was morally upstanding.

Smart vs Intelligent Essay Example

Smart vs Intelligent Essay Example Smart vs Intelligent Essay Smart vs Intelligent Essay I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Definition of Smart and IntelligentThere are several definitions of the words Smart and Intelligent. Before differentiating and comparing both words, it is important to determine the meaning of the word smart and intelligent. Some people think that the words smart and intelligent can be used interchangeably. However, if people would investigate closely the definitions and applications of the word both words have a different meaning. Smart can be defined as a person that proves to be alert, thinks on his own and resourceful. It can also be defined as sophisticated and chic. Other context of smart shows that the word means bright, and fresh. There are other meanings of the word smart but the definition that would be discussed would be related to the word intelligent. The word intelligent means having the capability for thought and reason. The word can also mean possessing knowledge. Other meaning used by smart e conomy is healthy or executing fine judgement.II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Comparison of Smart and IntelligentBased on the definitions, it can be concluded that a person is intelligent if he or she possesses the right knowledge, in other words a genius. A person is considered a genius if he or she can easily know or remember certain things in the world, a person who has innate knowledge without needing further studying. A smart person is a person who is brilliant in terms of using his knowledge to his or her benefit. He or she can be considered as someone who can get out of any difficult situation. For example, Being a genius means knowing everything by the book and being able to provide the right calculations. However, being smart is having the knowledge to apply his knowledge in real life situations. Intelligent people are regarded as the Einstein’s of the world. Smart people can be regarded as those people that have the right judgemen t in things. A person can be both smart and intelligent at the same time, however there are those people who can be regarded as intelligent only but not smart and there are those who are smart but not intelligent. For example a smart and intelligent person knows the theories and concept of a business and at the same time knows how to apply this theories and concept in the business itself. A smart person does not know the right theories and concept but knows how to manage the situation well, On the other hand an intelligent person is someone who knows every concept and theories by the book but this person does not know how to apply it in the actual situation.III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Which is Better Smart or Intelligent?Based on my opinion, it is better to be smart than intelligent. This is so because an intelligent person may know all the knowledge in the world but the knowledge is not helpful if he or she does not know how to apply it. The knowledge i s useless if it cannot be used at a time when the person already needs to use it. On the other hand, even though a smart person does not know any concept and theories about the matter, he or she does everything in his power to apply something through the use of his common sense. The important element that a smart person has is his common sense. Even if formal training is not given to the smart people, the person can still do something about a certain situation because he would do what he think is right based on his judgement on the situation. As much as possible it is better to have both qualities because having the right knowledge and background and being able to apply these theories and concept in the real life is a good strategy. If a person knows everything about what he does then nobody can trick him into doing the wrong thing. A smart person bases his judgement on common sense however, if a person does not have the right instincts then he or she can do something wrong and as s uch can be a source of mistake.IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Smart and Intelligent SituationsDuring exams, I can be considered as an intelligent person if I get the right answers in identification, matching type and enumeration type of exams. It is necessary to have the right knowledge when answering these type of questions. This is so because these type of questions require the exact answers for it to be right. However, for math problems such as problem solving and essay type questions such as application of a concept in a certain application, it is better to be smart. Problem solving needs analysis in order to determine the correct answer. If the problem is not analyzed correctly, it could lead to wrong calculations and wrong answers. Essays also need a bit of analysis so that the person can provide the right answers. Understanding of the concept is necessary for essay type questions. However, both qualities are necessary in school that is why it is important that students like us know and understand the concepts and theories behind the subjects that we are taking. Knowledge in a certain subject is not enough to ensure high grades. It is also necessary that we students have the right understanding in the certain subjects.

Definition and Examples of Lexicography

Definition and Examples of Lexicography Lexicography is the process of writing, editing, and/or compiling a dictionary.  An author or editor of a dictionary is called a lexicographer. The processes involved in the compilation and implementation of digital dictionaries (such as Merriam-Webster Online)  is known as  e-lexicography. The fundamental difference between lexicography and linguistics, says Sven Tarp, is that they have two completely different subject fields: The subject field of linguistics is language, whereas the subject field of lexicography is dictionaries and lexicographic works in general (Beyond Lexicography in  Lexicography at a Crossroads, 2009).In 1971, historical linguist and lexicographer Ladislav Zgusta published the first major international handbook on lexicography, Manual of Lexicography, which remains the standard text in the field. Etymology: From the Greek, word write Pronunciation: LEK-si-KOG-ra-fee Beginnings of English Lexicography The beginnings of English lexicography go back to the Old English period . . .. The language of the Roman Church was Latin; its priests and monks needed to be competent in Latin in order to conduct services and to read the Bible . . .. As English monks studied these Latin manuscripts, they would sometimes write the English translation above (or below) a Latin word in the text, to help their own learning, and as a guide to subsequent readers. These one-word translations, written between the lines of a manuscript, are called interlinear glosses; they are seen as the beginnings of (bilingual) lexicography. (Howard Jackson, Lexicography: An Introduction. Routledge, 2002) Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) and English Lexicography I am not yet so lost in lexicography, as to forget that words are the daughters of earth and that things are the sons of heaven.(Samuel Johnson)[Samuel] Johnson was not only innovative in his use of 114,000 citations to prove his definitions and the usage of words and connotations. He also noted the author who had first used a word or collocation and who had last used an obsolete word. He also took the liberty of adding prescriptive commentaries whenever there was doubt about usage.(Piet Van van Sterkenburg, A Practical Guide to Lexicography. John Benjamins, 2003) English Lexicography in the 20th Century In the English language area, the lexical orientation has long remained historical. The first edition of the Concise Oxford Dictionary, by H.W. and F.G. Fowler, dates from 1911 and leans heavily on [James] Murrays New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [later renamed the Oxford English Dictionary]. It was also due to the fact that the first supplement to the OED was published in 1933 and the second was in preparation from 1950 onwards, to be published in four thick volumes under the general editorship of Robert Burchfield. Incidentally, that supplement did include swear words, sexual terms, colloquial speech etc.Innovations in the English lexicography were to be seen in the dictionaries by Longman and Collins, based on contemporary corpora of electronic texts and anchored entirely in a database structure. . . .In 1988, the first edition of the OED was made available on CD-ROM and the second edition in 1992.(Piet van Sterkenburg, The Dictionary: Definition and History. A Prac tical Guide to Lexicography, edited by Piet Van Sterkenburg. John Benjamins, 2003) Crowdsourcing and Contemporary Lexicography Websites such as those for Urban Dictionary and Wiktionary . . . offer what is known as bottoms include Twittersphere, sexting, cyberstalking and captcha. . . . Such shout-outs are the antithesis of traditional lexicography. . . . If the dictionary-maker is a humble archivist while the lexicon is being created, they become a deityor at least a cut-rate Mosesonce it appears and becomes a source of supposedly trustworthy information. . . .Letting in the street will end no worlds but will it improve the quality of dictionaries? Form as ever faces off content. The form can be democratic as all hell, but in lexicon-land, surely the content is what matters. . . .Reference should be online. The opportunities for presentation, for breadth of information and for sophisticated searches that would be impossible in a print dictionary are too good to miss. But if reference is to remain useful then it cannot become amateur hour. (Jonathon Green, Dictionaries Are Not Democratic. The Observer, September 13, 2012) The Lighter Side of Lexicography LEXICOGRAPHER, n. A pestilent fellow who, under the pretense of recording some particular stage in the development of a language, does what he can to arrest its growth, stiffen its flexibility and mechanize its methods. (Ambrose Bierce, The Devils Dictionary, 1911)

Is Social Media Beneficial for Our Society or Not Essay

Is Social Media Beneficial for Our Society or Not - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that social media is not about the exploitation of technology but service to the community. Social media websites have captured our lives. It is not easy to imagine the times when there were no Facebook or Twitter. Almost fifteen years ago, people had to wait months just to hear from each other. However today, the scenario is totally different. Nowadays, people spend more time social networking than actually meeting them in person or doing any other activity at home. With the advent of social media integration in our lives, there is a growing concern regarding its impact on our society as a whole. Like everything else in the world, social media too have both positive and negative aspects to deal with. The biggest portion of its influence on our society is however counted more on the positive side. The world has shrunk and the possibilities to interact across boundaries have become widened. It was never so easy to communicate all around the globe within seconds. Social media has surely brought us closer to many different parts of the world, especially for those who have been doing global businesses. â€Å"By bringing together people who share interests, no matter their location or time zone, social media has the potential to transform the workplace into an environment where learning is as natural as it is powerful.†Ã‚  Among numerous social media websites available today, two names always strike our minds instantly when talking about social media interaction or integration in our society.... Proponents of websites like Facebook and Twitter, suggests that these platforms have promoted online communities to have an easy interaction with friends and family living apart. They also offer teachers, students and mentors create online assistance and distance learning which a huge benefit for our society is. It is also greatly popular in disseminating useful, important or urgent information instantly and accurately. Facebook and Twitter have also been widely used for social wellness and awareness programs. They are not only cost effective mediums of spreading the word and getting assistance, but also helped thousands and millions of people to work for the evasion from the evils of our society. Among the numerous business and marketing benefits, it has also helped tremendously in providing opportunities to empower business women (Small Business - Chron.com). Besides being highly beneficial for the business purposes, marketing, promotion, and spreading positivity to help reduce man y social stigmas, social media has definitely proven itself to be a great tool in enhancing and improving a person’s living standard and quality of lifestyle. It has enabled numerous individuals to maintain an easy, trouble free and more organized lifestyle than before. It has improved the satisfaction towards life through minimizing many threats of health issues. It has been observed on a large scale that due to the emergence and integration of social media websites into our lives, friends and family on social media now have the best way to utilize the trend impact, propagating and assisting with workout, diet controlling, and in achieving goals related to the termination of smoking or

Utilising theory, concepts and tools explored in the module, Essay

Utilising theory, concepts and tools explored in the module, critically evaluate the strategic marketing of a product, service or business offering of your choice - Essay Example nder the segment of beverages is enhancing its brand image and portfolio to a significant extent thereby amplifying their portfolio and reputation in the entire globe. One of such reputed organizations operating successful in the segment of beverage is Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola is one of the reputed organizations, operating in the segment of carbonated soft drinks, since 1886. It is introduced in the region of Atlanta of Georgia, but expanded its wings in the entire globe very quickly and rapidly (Coca-Cola, 2014). It became possible mainly due to the presence of numerous product lines such as Caffeine-free coca-cola, Parsi Cola, Virgin Cola, Coca-Cola-Vanila, Coca-Cola Cherry etc (Coca-Cola, 2014). Due to which, it attained the reward of best global brand in the year 2011. Other than this, within a very small time frame, it enhanced its profit margin by 15.31 percent in 31st March, 2014 (Ycharts, 2014). Along with this, the market share and brand image of the organization of Coca-Cola enhanced with a significant extent that amplified its position and sustainability as well (Coca-Cola, 2014). The rationale of this essay is to analyse critically the strategic marketing policies used by the organization of Coca-Cola in order to promote its product, diet coke in the entire globe among other competing firms. Moreover, the essay also comprises of varied types of marketing concepts, theories and tools in order to evaluate the effective strategies used. Strategic marketing is the procedure to cope up with the policies and strategies of the existing competitors so as to amplify the brand value of an organization. Similarly, the process of strategic marketing is performed for the organization of Coca-Cola, in order to analyse the demands and requirements of its target market so as to fulfil it. Only then, the organization of Coca-Cola might become successful in amplifying its image and reputation in this aggressive market among many other rival contenders (Beall, 2010, pp.

Answer 11 questionsthis is not an essay Assignment

Answer 11 questionsthis is not an essay - Assignment Example The dance was introduced in 1953 by a Cuban violinist called Enrique Jorrà ­n. This dance has split fourth beat. A person begins the dance by starting with the second beat. Enrique also introduced this dance style in London, and it is currently referred to as the ballroom cha-cha (Andrews 7). 3. The rumba music started in Cuba as an integration of many musical practices. Rumba in Cuba is played through both the triple-pulse and the double-pulse structures (Andrews 3). Rumba is rhythmically played using the five-stroke system referred to as clave. The current types of rumba are; Columbia, yambu and guaguanco. The three rumba types are unique, due to different choreography. 4. Samba refers to a Brazilian dance. The dance style originated in Brazil; however, it has African roots which were influenced through slave trade. The Bahian Samba dance is currently a UNESCO Heritage is Humanity (Andrews 10), and it is mostly played in Rio de Janeiro. The samba is traditionally played by various percussion and guitar types. On 2nd December ever year in Brazil, celebration of the Samba National day is held. 5. Carlos Santana is a Mexican American musician, who was very famous in the 1960s and 1970s. His Santana band initiated the integration of Latin American music with rock music. He has won numerous music awards; for example 10 Grammy awards (Andrews 15). The guitar lines of Carlos were usually based on the African and Latin rhythms. His popularity in the world music industry was again felt towards the end of the 1990s. 7. The Andean music ensemble is currently a music type with global audience because; native sounds of the music has been continuously mixed with music form applicable to modern and middle class Europeans. 8. Peruvian wayno is a popular type of Andean music common in Peru, Chile and Argentina. It is performed by various ethic groups, for example the Quechua and the Aymara societies. Its superior character

Cross-cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cross-cultural Management - Essay Example d by non-occupied markets, cheap labor force, tax exemptions, convenient locations and they are positioning themselves to the new territories to increase their value (Konecena, 2006). All these factors contribute to the new area of management; cross cultural management. The concept of cross-cultural team management was emphasized on when western countries recognized a huge inflow of expatriates. As a result the composition of workforce over there became more diverse in nature. Since the managers were still using the western way of team management, it was not considered the best way of handling individuals who arrived from different parts of the world. This sparked the interest of researchers to focus on cross cultural issues in management literature (Taras & Rowney, 2006). This paper focuses on the particular aspect of cross cultural management; team building and their management. Teams are a core characteristic of every organization and they are formed and nurtured to achieve organizational goals and objectives. The emerging trend towards cross cultural teams has attracted the attention of many managers as these teams are considered as more innovative and creative than ordinary teams. However there are contentious issues and challenges underlying the above concept. If managers comprehend on these issues thoroughly then only they can derive substantial benefits from it and can enhance organizational effectiveness. This document also focuses on difference in working styles of diverse range of cultures and how they affect team performance. According to Kreitner & Kinicki (2004), â€Å"Cross cultural management explains the behavior of people in organizations around the world and shows people how to work in organizations with employee and client populations from many different cultures†. Cross cultural team management encompasses the word â€Å"team† in above definition. Multicultural workgroups and teams are now no longer described as a voluntary practice but

School Calendar Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

School Calendar Change - Essay Example Teachers have raised concerns over the effects of long vacations, claiming that the time taken by students during vacation makes them forget what they had learned. As a result, reviewing the previous year material takes a significant amount of time, which, according to the educators, affects the curriculum. Cooper ((â€Å"Summer Learning Loss†) argues that summer vacation mostly affected mathematics and spelling subjects. This is because more accurate information is required from the two subjects as compared to the other tested skill subjects. Cooper goes on to defend his argument by stating that students are more likely to practice reading than performing mathematical calculations on their own. Another major effect of long summer holidays, as noted by Cooper (â€Å"The Effects of Summer Vacation†), relates to students with disabilities. The students require continuous study or instruction period to be able to understand better. The summer programs ought to help the disadvantaged students notably by ensuring that their studies are never interrupted for long. Students who speak languages other than English have also been affected by the calendar, because catching up after the long summer holidays is difficult. Cooper also notes that the scores of students are lower after the long summer vacations, the loss being equated to one month according to past studies. According to Cooper (â€Å"The Effects of Summer Vacation†), a new study program will help solve all the concerns raised by the old calendar. When short holidays are spread out across the year, they better serve the intended purpose. Considering all the above arguments, it can be stated that our school district has to adopt the new

Cross-cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cross-cultural Management - Essay Example d by non-occupied markets, cheap labor force, tax exemptions, convenient locations and they are positioning themselves to the new territories to increase their value (Konecena, 2006). All these factors contribute to the new area of management; cross cultural management. The concept of cross-cultural team management was emphasized on when western countries recognized a huge inflow of expatriates. As a result the composition of workforce over there became more diverse in nature. Since the managers were still using the western way of team management, it was not considered the best way of handling individuals who arrived from different parts of the world. This sparked the interest of researchers to focus on cross cultural issues in management literature (Taras & Rowney, 2006). This paper focuses on the particular aspect of cross cultural management; team building and their management. Teams are a core characteristic of every organization and they are formed and nurtured to achieve organizational goals and objectives. The emerging trend towards cross cultural teams has attracted the attention of many managers as these teams are considered as more innovative and creative than ordinary teams. However there are contentious issues and challenges underlying the above concept. If managers comprehend on these issues thoroughly then only they can derive substantial benefits from it and can enhance organizational effectiveness. This document also focuses on difference in working styles of diverse range of cultures and how they affect team performance. According to Kreitner & Kinicki (2004), â€Å"Cross cultural management explains the behavior of people in organizations around the world and shows people how to work in organizations with employee and client populations from many different cultures†. Cross cultural team management encompasses the word â€Å"team† in above definition. Multicultural workgroups and teams are now no longer described as a voluntary practice but

Human Resource Management and Employment Relations Essay

Human Resource Management and Employment Relations - Essay Example It has been referred to as a flexible staffing arrangement (Houseman, 2001), a market-mediated deal (Abraham, 1990), a flexible working practice (Brewster et al, 1997) or more generally as atypical employment (De Grip et al 1997; Crdova 1986). Based on the definitions, all of them imply that non-standard employment is a clear departure from the standard work arrangement. As it is, standard work arrangements are basically linked to full-time positions that are founded on an unspecified contract and are carried out at the employer's site under the employer's control and supervision (Mckenberger, 1985, p. 429; Bosch, 1986, p.165; Talos, 1999, pp. 417-418; Rogowski & Schmann, 1996). Although, international economic changes and modifications have toughened competition and intensified existing ambiguities within firms, the same have exerted greater pressure on these companies to push and aim for bigger profits and more flexible work arrangements. Generally, there have always been employment relations that did not fit in to the normative prototype of full-time work (Peck, 1996) and this is quite true even for temporary agency work that initially surfaced in the United States after the Second World War (Mitlacher, 2004, p. 9). As a classic example of a non-standard employment relation, temporary agency work entails the externalization of administrative control and responsibility (Pfeffer & Baron, 1988). Temporary work agencies hire workers and employ them out to a client company where they work at the client's premises and direction while the agency charges a fee for the service (Kalleberg, 2000, p. 346). This consequently creates a triangular relationship wherein an employee sets up different linkages with various establishments (Vosko, 1997). In the past decade, the use of temporary work agencies has been prominently evident in most European business firms and in some commercial organisations in Asian countries (Bergstrm & Storrie, 2003). Consequently, the number of temporary workers in the global labour market greatly increased which correspondingly created a new type of employment relationship within firms. As it is, engaging temporary workers through temporary work agencies has now become an ordinary procedure in all types of work organisations and such emerging trend has been mirrored in contemporary publications generated from the human resource and employment relations community (Beynon et al 2002; Mangan 2000; Carre et al. 2000; Barker & Christensen, 1998; Blanpain & Biagi, 1999; Felstead & Jewson, 1999). Though the open-ended employment contract still dominates, the role of temporary agency work can no longer be ignored. Obviously, a huge number of organisations are taking advantage of these workers and the nature of the tasks assigned to them is becoming more complex. However, even with this reality, only a small number of empirical investigations have been made on the human resource management of temporary employment and those that exist have not given so much attention to its peculiarities and dynamics. The temporary employment workforce is theoretically considered as a group consisting of "contingent workers" (Polivika 1986) and the benefits in employing such workers can be

Assessment methods, their merits and demerits Essay Example for Free

Assessment methods, their merits and demerits Essay Mainly, three types of assessments are in practice, initial, formative and summative assessment. Initial assessment can be a formal or informal process of identifying each learner’s strengths and help them to understand their areas of development, and the setting action plan accordingly. In formative assessment, teacher or assessor monitor students learning performance during the learning time against a set criteria. Students struggling areas are identified by feedback records and action plan for teachers to adopt teaching strategies and student to motivate for more study is adjusted. In Summative assessment, teacher evaluates the learner’s performance at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against a standard and other students’ performance. Summative assessments are high stakes or high point values and include: a)Written exams b)Quizzes c)Dissertations and projects d)Instead of comparing the advantages and disadvantages of these assessment types, I would prefer to discuss assessment instruments I used in these assessments and talk about their merits and demerits. Assessment typeStrengthLimitations 1.Written exams 1. Good tool to assess students’ knowledge without guessing. 2. It forces student to think and articulate that thinking. 3. Take less time to create test as compared to MCQ where assessor has to make more choices and student will choose one. 4. Teacher can provide better feedback on answers. 1. These tests needs language skills with and ESL students can’t demonstrate their capabilities. 2. These tests are time bounds and a slow writing student may not able to show his full knowledge. 3. Performance in these test based on memorizing facts instead of showing creativity. Assessment typeStrengthLimitations 2.Oral Exams1. This format decreases miscommunication and misunderstanding  while questioning or answering. 2. Student doesn’t need to follow any set lines for answer. 3. Give more chances to examiner to ask how student came to this answer. 4. More assessors can take part in this format. 5. More areas can be covered in less time. 1. Could be biased and less fair result oriented. 2. Requires a trained examiner to set such format which cost more. 3. Shy students can be distracted by other factors and c\they may not give their fullest. Assessment typeStrengthLimitations 3. Portfolios1. Assess and promote critical thinking. 2. Give opportunity learner to be self-directed, active, peer -supported and independent. 3. More than one assessor validates the performance. 4.Promotes creativity and problem solving 5. can be used to assess professional and personal development.1. Difficult to identify whether this is student’s own effort or somebody else’s. 2. Involve large amount of paper work which gives less time to focus on course. 3. Reliability issues. 4. Student can easily hide their weaknesses in this type of assessment. Assessment typeStrengthLimitations 4. Projects and dissertations1. All round ability testing i.e practical, analytical and interpretative skills. 2. Teaches students time management and if in group then teaches leadership and team work skills. 3. Increase motivation to complete task quickly and in time.1. Making of such format assessment is hectic and time consuming. 2. Validity and reliability of assessment is not high as compared to other formats. 3. If resources not available to learning, performance will be compromised. In my teaching career, I have gone through all above mentioned assessment tools and found written exams are widely used in many parts of world. People love written exams because they pile up work and when exam is near, they memorize it and ready for exam, no creative work during the term just collecting the notes. Trend is slightly changing in the world and other assessment tools are in practice, mostly university are assessing courses by  assignments, project and dissertations and these formats require continuous study and work that’s develop students other skills along with the completion of these tasks.

Extraction of Blue Ice Area in Antarctica

Extraction of Blue Ice Area in Antarctica Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY High resolution satellite data has made it possible to obtain optimistic results in feature extraction processes. High resolution World-View-2 data is used for mapping blue ice areas (BIAs) in Antarctic regions. World-View-2 provides extensively high accuracy, agility, capacity and spectral diversity. First high-resolution 8-band multispectral commercial/business satellite is World-View-2 launched October 2009. Working at an elevation of 770 kilometres, World-View-2 gives 46cm panchromatic resolution and 1.85m multispectral resolution. World-View-2 has a normal revisit time of 1.1 days and it is able of catching up to 1 million square kilometres of 8-band imagery per day. Satellite pictures generally track seasonal annual variations in BIAs coverage over the past 30 year on the East Antarctic plateau region. In late studies, the distribution of BIAs can likewise mulled over from the SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images. In SAR satellite image, blue ice can likewise be outwardly perc eived. The amplitude of blue ice is less than that of snow (white), because the ice surface is smoother than the latter. Yet, distinction is not at all that conspicuous when applying Semi-automatic extraction approach. Blue ice can be distinguished effortlessly in the coherence map got from two SAR pictures in a view of higher coherence of blue ice. It is additionally found that the picture texture data is useful for distinguishing various types of blue ice like rough, smooth and level blue ice. In this study, Atmospheric corrected (QUAC) sharpen calibrated image (World-View-2 data) is used for extracting blue ice areas in Schirmacher Oasis in Antarctic region. Extraction of blue ice area in Antarctica deal with the total area of blue ice areas excluding the other feature (non-target) appearing on or near it. Blue ice areas have some specific qualities that make them of special interest for extraction as they are just 1% of Antarctic region. Many remote sensing approaches have been implemented to monitor and map Antarctic BIAs. 3.1 Methodology Protocol The extraction of blue ice areas is simplified by the Methodology protocol. As the whole image takes time for processing, as Schirmacher Oasis is with an area of 34km ², ranks among the smallestAntarctic oasis and is a typicalpolar desert, so the image is divided in 12 test tiles of different parts of entire World-View-2 image to achieve prior results. Atmospheric correction is done with QUAC (quick atmospheric correction) method to obtain better results. Atmospheric correction to each tile added suitable outputs results to workflow. Calibrated data is also used without applying atmospheric correction to it. Multiband image combination was made from atmospheric corrected data and calibrated data of the study area. Alternating snow and blue ice bands surface patterns are generally found in East Antarctica due to which it is hard task to clearly extract BIAs. For feature extraction processes region of interest (ROI) is considered in which blue ice is target and white ice appearing on or near the blue ice is considered as non-target. Methodology workflow is prepared in order to achieve good and prior results comparing with the previous studies. Extraction of blue ice is not that easy task as dust and white snow appears on it as non-target. Various Semi-automatic extraction methods like TERCAT, Target Detection Wizard, Mapping Methods, Spectral Matching and Object Base Image Analysis (OBIA) are used for extracting blue ice areas in Antarctica. The initial results obtained were good but not better enough to keep them prior. Many trials were carried out for extracting blue ice in Antarctica. Prior results were kept in workflow of methodology to compare them with every trial results. Object based and Pixel based both the classification are used in workflow to get good results. From the High resolution World-View-2 data reference data (digitized data) was prepared for blue ice area and extracted blue ice area was obtained from Semi-automatic extraction methods and OBIA. From the extracted blue ice, blue ice is considered as target and white snow appearing on it as non-target. Comparing reference data and extracted data Bias, % Bias and RMSE values were calculated. After that Average for Bias, % Bias and RMSE values is estimated. BIAS= % BIAS= RMSE= Where, Ref A is Reference area and Ext A is Extracted area n= no. of tiles processed. 3.2 Semi-automatic extraction methods The semi-automatic feature extraction approach intuitively makes endeavours to commonly empowering the insight or data of human perception framework to robustly detect the targeted feature and the computer-aided system to bring fast extraction of targeted feature and exact shape representation. In semiautomatic feature extraction strategy, first target feature is detected by human vision and a couple of estimates in terms of seed points or coaching samples concerning the targeted feature on highlight are typically given. The targeted feature is then portrayed automatically by the PC helped calculations. 3.2.1 TERCAT approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] The Terrain Categorization (TERCAT) tool creates an output product in which pixels with similar spectral properties are clumped into categories. These categories may be either user-defined, or automatically generated by the classification algorithm. The TERCAT tool provides all of the standard ENVI classification algorithms, plus an additional algorithm called Winner Takes All. This is a voting method that classifies pixels based on the majority compiled from all of the other classification methods that were conducted. In this research, the sub approaches for TERCAT are Maximum Likelihood, Spectral Angle Mapper, Parallelepiped and Winner Takes All. 3.2.2 Target Detection approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] Target detection algorithms work on the principle of extracting target features based on spectral characteristic of initial coaching spectral signatures of target features, and performing end to the background noise using spectral signatures of non-target features. If the users knows that the image contains at least one target of interest, the wizard can be used to find other targets like it in the same image. The workflow can also be accessed programmatically, so the user can customize options if needed. Target detection tools (ENVI 5.1) were executed to perform supervised image processing tasks into workflows (CEM, ACE, OSP, TCIMF, and MT-TCIMF) to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) as target and white ice as non-target. 3.2.3 Spectral Matching approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] Spectral matching approaches extract the target features that are described in multispectral imagery based on the target feature’s spectral characteristics. Spectral matching algorithms confirm the spectral similarity or matching between input satellite imagery and reference key points to form an output product within which pixels with similar spectral properties are clumped into target and non-target categories. Spectral Matching (ENVI 5.1) were executed to perform supervised image processing tasks into workflows (MF, SAM, MTMF and SAMBM) to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) as target and white ice as non-target. 3.2.4 Mapping Methods approach (ENVI 5.1 Exellis Help) [33] Selected hyperspectral Mapping Methods describes advanced concepts and procedures for analyzing imaging spectrometer data or hyperspectral images. Spectral Information Divergence (SID) is a spectral classification method that uses a divergence measure to match pixels to reference spectra. The smaller the divergence, the more likely the pixels are similar. Pixels with a measurement greater than the specified maximum divergence threshold are not classified. End member spectra used by SID can come from ASCII files or spectral libraries, or you can extract them directly from an image (as ROI average spectra). Mapping Methods (ENVI 5.1) were executed to perform supervised image processing tasks into workflows [SID SV (0.05), SID SV (0.07), SID SV (0.1), SID MV (0.05) and SID MV (0.09)] to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) as target and white ice as non-target. 3.2.5 Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) approach (Ecognition Developer Help) [34] Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA), is an advanced method used to segment a pixel based image into map objects that can then be classified as a whole. This kind of analysis is ideal for mapping with high-resolution imagery, where a single feature (such as a tree) might have several different shades of pixels. The example of rule-set for Trial 1, 2, 3 and 4 for extracting blue ice areas in this research is stated below; For Trial 1: 02.063 50 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=50 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=50 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) For Trial 2: 02.063 60 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=100 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=100 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) For Trial 3: 02.063 70 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=150 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=150 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) For Trial 4: 02.063 80 [shape.: 0.8 compact.:0.6] Creating ‘level 1’ Export view to segmentation (no geo) Unclassified with mean nir-1>=200 and mean nir-1 Export view to assign class (no geo) Blue ice with mean nir-1>=200 and mean nir-1 Export view to merging (non geo) The on-top rule-set is employed to extract blue ice areas as well as non-target depending on their mean band values. OBIA is making considerable progress towards spatially explicit information extraction advancement, such as is required for spatial planning as well as for many monitoring programmes. The Semi-automatic extraction strategies and OBIA utilized in this study to extract blue ice areas (BIAs) are supported differently on different underlying principles. To compare these strategies objectively, we kept the input ROIs (regions of interest or coaching samples) constant for all methods for each tile. ROIs are different for different tiles as the area differs. After classifying the image into target spectra, i.e., blue ice areas, using the Semi-automatic extraction methods and OBIA approaches, the 12 semi-automatically extracted tiles (for BIAs) were vectorized to calculate the area of individual tile.

Does Playing Violent Video Games Promote Aggressive Behavior? Essay exa

Introduction Violent video games are becoming more popular among children and adolescents of all ages since its debut approximately 30 years ago. This growing popularity is generating an increasing concern that these sometimes very graphic videos and life like characters can have a negative influence on the younger generation. Although never proven, there has been speculation that some of the high school shootings across the country were committed by students who were habitual players of violent video games. Due to these concerns, a non-profit, self-regulatory organization was established in 1994 by the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) to appropriately rate all video games from EC (early childhood), E (everyone), E10+ (everyone 10 and over), T (teen), M (mature), and AO (adults only). While assessing the efficacy of violent video game ratings, it is unknown how effective these ratings are for the intended audience (Becker-Olsen & Norberg, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review on existing articles relating to the possibility of violent video games promoting aggressive behavior. The hypothesis set forth was that people who played non-violent video games displayed more Prosocial behavior versus those who played violent video games displayed more antisocial and aggressive behavior. A search was conducted on regular search engines on the internet, and on EBSCOhost using the title â€Å"can violent video games promote aggressive behavior.† The research articles presented are obtained from five case studies each focusing on different measures that were obtained, methods used, the participants involved, the designs of the study, and the results of the studies. Measures Demonstrating Viole... .... DOI: 10.1080/10888690903288748. Retrieved from EBSCOhost Research Database. Polman, H., Orobio De Castro, B. & Van Aken, M. A.G. (2008). Experimental Study of the Differential Effects of Playing Versus Watching Violent Video Games on Children’s Aggressive Behavior. Wiley-Liss Inc. Interscience. Doi: 10.1002/ab.20245. Retrieved from EBSCOhost Research Database. Saunderson, Matt (August 17th, 2005). The American Psychological Association says violence in Videogames is bad for children’s health. Kombo.com. Retrieved from http://ps3.kombo.com/ Article.php?artid=1760. Suhn Lee, M., & Barr, R. (August 2004,). Effects of Video Game Violence on Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviors. Journal of Young Investigators, 11(2). Retrieved from http://www.jyi.org/Volumes/volume11/issue2/articles/lee.html.

Cultural differences in communication with groups and teams Essay

The process of passing information from one person to another is complex and a subject of discussion. This is because effective communication is essential for the development of any organization yet it has been marked with many problems, which have far reaching effects. Over time, communication has developed progressively from oral communication to written communication and now to the media and websites but still marked with the same complexity. It is in this interest that this paper is written. It focuses on defining communication, identifying its problems and there causes and giving the possible solutions and recommendations to this problems. Definition Communication refers to an act of passing information from a given source to a recipient through a given medium (Hulkkonen, et al, 2010). It may also be defined as a connection that provides accessibility of two agents or places. For effective communication to occur there must be a source, a medium of transferring the information and a recipient. All the parties involved in communication should have a common interest of passing and receiving information otherwise there will be poor presentation or misinterpretation between the two and the common goal of transferring information will not be achieved (Texas Christian University, 2010). One common mode of communication is oral communication which includes direct speeches, poetry and songs. Secondly, we have nonverbal communication which involves the transfer of wordless information. This can be achieved through body languages such as facial expression and gestures or object communication such as symbols graphics and clothing. Lastly we have media communication which includes the radio, websites and telephones. The choice of the mode of communication to be used depends entirely on the type of information to be transferred, the number of recipients to be involved and the distance between the source and the recipient (Hulkkonen, et al, 2010).. Communication problems Although communication is essential in any society or organizational groups and teams, which is conscious of achieving its goals, many people still continue to struggle to communicate and unfortunately finds they are unable to express their thoughts and ideas efficiently or even lack proper listening skills (Wood, 2009). This inability to communicate effectively can result to misunderstanding and can cause conflict and even war at its worst amongst members with different cultural backgrounds. Another problem of communication is incompetence. Poor interpretation of instruction due to poor presentation of information can lead to misunderstanding in groups and teams or resulting into wrong actions being taken (Yarbrough & O’Rourke, 2009). Still, Poor communication can lead to endless and unnecessary arguments, which are time and energy consuming. The can result to dissatisfaction and lack of commitment among members of a given group or team. Lastly, mistrust among the members can amount to tension in groups and teams further leading to lack of coordination or total collapse of such groups and teams if proper action is not taken.. Causes of communication problem One major cause of communication problem is fear. It is a common trend of human beings to protect their interest. This renders communication impossible because the need to protect our own interest is accompanied by lack of openness (Penn State University, 2007). This can amount to an endless and unnecessary argument because every body will be after his own interest. Another major cause of communication problem is misaligned expectation (Gupta, 2009). This occurs when different members of a given team have different opinions on how things should be done or handled and all thoughts are not properly taken into consideration or harmonized. This can result to a conflict because no matter how they communicate they will never understand each other. Another cause of communication problem is incompetence. It is advisable to have the message clear and specific so that it can be accepted and acknowledged by the recipients. Lack of knowledge of the subject matter can lead to lack of this clarity and specification in the message and hence poor communication (Wood, 2009). Lastly is poor communication skill. Some effort must be put to make sure that the message is effectively passed to the recipient and that it cannot be misinterpreted Alternative solutions to communication problems One way of preventing communicating problems is to build trust among group members. This is aimed at overcoming fear, which was described earlier on as major cause communication problem. Trust is built when one does exactly what he/she is expected to do. In addition to this, it is important to learn good communication skills, appreciate your differences and attain a consensus based on a common goal (Wiethoff, Lumsden, & Lumsden, 2009). Strategies for implementing and evaluating the chosen solutions The above solutions will be declared effective if there will be efficient communication among the involved agents. There should be no misinterpretation of information, unnecessary arguments, any form of confusion or conflict. In addition to this, each and every member of a given team should be satisfied, committed and encouraged to participate for the common goal of the team (Texas Christian University, 2010). All this would be a sign of effective communication in teams and groups. Conclusion In conclusion therefore, effective communication is essential for the better running of any organization in the society. It is therefore important to put more effort in developing good communication skills that will eliminate the above discussed problems and their causes References Gupta, P. (2009). Five Things You Can Do to Manage Cultural Differences in Virtual Teams. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://ezinearticles. com/? Five-Things-You-Can-Do-to-Manage-Cultural-Differences-in-Virtual-Teams&id=2634314 Hulkkonen, J. , et al. (2010). Cultural Differences in Multinational Team Communication in an IT Service Organization. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://www. outshore. org/LinkClick. aspx? fileticket=9uZxktWCVoc%3D&tabid=58&mid=387 Penn State University. (2007). Building Blocks for Teams: Tips for Effective Communication. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://tlt. its. psu. edu/suggestions/teams/student/communicate. html Texas Christian University. (2010). Communication in Groups and Teams. Retrieved July 22, 2010, from http://www. cpeng. tcu. edu. tw/teaching/951/comm/1212-comm. ppt Wiethoff, C. , Lumsden, D. , & Lumsden, G. (2009). Communicating in Groups and Teams: Sharing Leadership. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Wood, J. (2009). Communication in Our Lives. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Yarbrough, B. , & O’Rourke, J. (2009). Leading Groups and Teams. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Essay Animal

Eating Animals by Jonathan Saffron Foyer's he talks about his journey as a meat eater. Fore discuses his family eating styles and how he believe he will raise his son. Food is key for every person, but what you eat and what you don't eat shapes who you are. Fore and his wife both had very particular views on being meat eaters. In a way they both hated what they were doing, but because of they way they were brought up they could not stop them from doing so. For this same reason he started researching on how he should raise is unborn child, meat eater or vegetarian.Fore starts off by talking about his grandmother and how her eating habits and cooking methods affected them as children. The grandmother, also known as â€Å"Greatest Chef who ever lived†, had been threw the depression and many vulnerable times. Fore tells us she had very strict rules on letting food go bad and throwing away expired food. She had seen such harsh times that she mad sure she always made the right amoun t of food so nothing would ever go to waste. The grandmother had seen the worst oftentimes, but she made sure her family ate well but did not take what they have for granted.Fore believes many people do not understand what and whom they are eating. He also falls under this category; he does not count himself out. Offers talks about how people have pet dogs and view them as a part of family, but on the other hand cook and eat a chicken. He tries to grasp this idea that has been passed down generation after generation but he cannot come to a solid conclusion on why this happens. And with his new born on the way he is looking into if he wants to pass on these beliefs to his child or to change what has been passed down and start something new.

Cultural Insularity

River Faller developed near the Indus river In the middle east Mesopotamia= developed between the Tells and Euphrates River Elms and Chapin= both help develop the Mayans and the Incas Empire Pastoralist: Primarily the tending of animals= provided food and hides provided clothes and shelter â€Å"Nomads†= herding the animals from one place to another Helped spread ideas= would trade with nearby civilizations/settlements The Peopling of the Earth: Europe= one of the beginning areas to start populating Asia= the next area to be populatedSouth & Central America= the final area to be peopled through the Bearing land bridge Art: Venus Figurines- used for the worshipping of women: belief In fertility oracle Bones- where questions were written on them in which they were used to receive answers from deities in Sang dynasty Code of Hamburg= law codes to help control civilians in Mesopotamia Other Names: NONE Accurate time span: 500 B. C. E to ACE Top five Monotheistic religion a. Judais m- Major In the Mediterranean; Jesus was Jewish, Jesus† dad was god, therefore they worshipped god. They worshipped one god. A god. THE god.Yaw b. Zoroastrian – Major in The Persian Empire. It was a quasi monotheistic religion, however, there were other gods that they believed had a little amount of power that are bad. But they mostly worshiped ONE god. C. Christianity – Major in the Roman Empire, it persisted in Roman empire despite resistance by Romans Empires Roman- large empire with borders which stretch across different ethnicities/beliefs. Han- attempted centralized gobo with heavy dependency on silk road. Collapsed due to the inability to prevent the development of factions in government in court that reverted a centralized gobo.Persia- state organized in satrapies, religiously tolerant (Cyrus the Great). Great transportation and communication Murrain- fighting BTW regional kingdoms,united by Marry dynasty(Osaka) Guppy-After the Marry,fell to white Hung,re gional governors Long distance trade Silk Road- Located in East Asia traded spices, porcelain and other goods along trade routes Indian Ocean Basin- Connected all of the Mediterranean countries with India and South East Asia Trans- Sahara Trade- connected all of the Sahara AfricaPersian Royal roads and post office Prone to governmental decline Patriarchal society China -footslogging in China- showed the female dependency on men Confucius roles of women: India -Inhabitant, Ramadan: portrayed women as weak-willed and emotional; exalted women who served their husbands devotedly Rome – Pater Familial: roman law that invested authority in the head of the household. Constantinople -Women withdrawn from public festivities; fear of compromise of honor Islamic Empire – Women increasingly covered; couldn't leave house without male attendant of the family.An Age of Cross Cultural Interaction Post Classical Era Time pennon: 600 CE to 1450 -rope 5 List: BOB trade systems Spread tec hnology such as gunpowder, paper and the printing press Allowed the formation of economies based mostly on trade, instead of agriculture Spread cultural traditions such as Islam, Buddhism and Christianity Byzantium Schism- Roman Catholic/Eastern Orthodox Constantinople: major center of trade and silk production Suffered the fate of most empires: got too big and eventually disintegrated Islam Started in Arabia spread to Mesopotamia, Africa, Mediterranean.Muslim Merchants/ Suffix spread Islam all over the world reaching lands such as India, Anatolia Mongols Pox Mongolia: After their conquests were over, they integrated the world into a single empire and encouraged trade so that cultural interaction spread exponentially. Because of their culturally integrated empire and the peace they spread, the Bubonic plague spread quickly and was drastic towards the world's population Emphasized religious tolerance Cultural Flourishing Renaissance: in Western Europe, a period of cultural flourishin g and revival of Greece-Roman tradition Islam: a boom in artwork, medicine, mathematics, humanities, science and logic as well as the translation of Greek literature/philosophy Tang Golden Age Early Modern Era Other Name: The Origins of Global Interdependence Accurate time-span: 1500-1800 1 . Religious Controversy – Protestant/ Catholic Reformations – Schism in Russian church – Spanish Inquisition 2. Scientific Revolution/ Enlightenment – New ideas on the interpretation of the world- Galileo, Isaac Newton – Adam Smith's introduction of capitalism – Theory of Progress 3.Nations becoming closed off to outside influences (Cultural Insularity) – Borrowed technology, but weren't open to political or cultural influences – Only exception is Russia; westernizes under Peter & Catherine the Great – Ottomans, Japan 4. State Building – Unification of Japan under Outgas Baku – Europeans attempt to revive the Carolingian empire with the Holy Roman Empire – Islamic Empires– Ottomans, Savvied & Mussels 5. Trans-oceanic voyages – James Cook exploration of New Zealand, Australia & Hawaii – Christopher Columbus – Columbian Exchange

Strategic management of human resources management Essay

Strategic management of human resources management - Essay Example This type of relationship exist between co-workers, and between workers and supervisors, they help employees to listen to others, understanding of acceptance, team building, understanding of workers life issues, avoiding discrimination and in conflict resolution. Employment partnership-it can be defined as the way partnership is developed in the work place and this type of partnership has been seen to help an organisation to be more productive. It involves building strong bonds of relationship in an organisation. Employment partnership is a way forward in integrating employees, such relationships play a major role in environmental scanning, and this can be viewed as the identifying and analyzing external opportunities and threats that may be crucial to the company's success. This partnership is beneficial to the worker and the organization, workers have different needs and therefore their benefits and job security are major determinants of their performance. Consultation of workers is also a major determinant of performance; the employees should be briefed and involved in decision making of an organization. Workers should be allowed to raise their views and opinions in decision making. Communication with employees should include discussion on the overall progress, agreeing on potential progress, discussing how current performance is in line with the long term goals and planning on actions to be undertaken to improve the organization current state. HOW EMPLOYEE.PARTNERSHIP FIT WITH SHRM The main goal of forming these relationships in an organization is to improve on productivity and efficiency of the organization. This will help in reviewing on the overall progress, an organization that creates an environment based on understanding; better communication and honesty will be successful. The company is in a position to resolve conflicts that result and therefore this does not affect its performance. The relationships that exist helps achieve goals because they help match personal needs with work life. This type of relationships help build trust in the work place, training is the most useful tool in forming this type of partnership because attitude change is difficult and therefore t

Changing employees attitudes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Changing employees attitudes - Essay Example Why do managers want to change their employees’ attitudes? The answer is simple. Managers want to change their employees’ attitudes because it affects their productivity. Employees are increasingly important for organizational success and competitiveness Wallace (2006, pp.1-3) states that employees must not only be trained, they should be developed for results. Wallace quotes Linda L. Martin and Dr. David G. Mutchler in their book, â€Å"Fail-Safe Leadership† when they stated â€Å"in business, and in life, attitudes directly determine whether an individual turns a problem into an opportunity – or a crisis† (2006, pp.1-3). Organizations hire employees because of their skills and qualifications. They also design training programs to further improve the quality of work of the individuals and eventually improve their productivity. Wallace (2006, pp.1-3) points out however, that organizations put too much emphasis on improving the skills of the employee while majority of termination in companies are due to attitude problems of the employees. This just shows how important it is for a manager to be able to change the behavior of its employees. Before changing an employee’s attitudes, we must first understand that attitude has three components namely, the cognitive, affective and behavioral (Macalinao, 2009). Cognitive is the opinion or belief segment of an attitude. The affective component is the emotional or feeling segment of an attitude while behavioral is the intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something.

International Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 10

International Finance - Essay Example The exchange rate is a variable of the International Fisher Effect, which states that the value of a currency of a nation whose interest rate is relatively higher is likely to depreciate against the value of currency of another country whose interest rate is relatively lower (Madura 2011, pp. 114-120). On that note, the paper presents the importance of the international finance; the factors influencing the exchange rate and discussion of the findings of the IFE test. The test will be conducted using the UK interest rate and the exchange rate between the UK and Greece’s currency from the year 2005 to 2014. The method adopted during the IFE test is a regression analysis (the coefficient of correlation) (Sowa & Acquaye 1999, pp. 2-10). The concept of the international finance can be strongly grasped after its elements are uncovered. The elements are the interest rate, the exchange rate, the inflation rate, export, and imports, etc. The following two theories are influenced by the mentioned factors: the International Fisher Effect (IFE) and the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). The international finance refers to cross-border borrowing/lending of funds and any other transaction between the local and the foreign countries the leads to movement of funds, assets, and capital between the trading countries. The idea of Purchasing Power Parity contends that the prices of resembling products should be equal in different countries, when the currencies of the trading countries are converted into a single currency. There are two types of the purchasing power parity. That is, the absolute and relative purchasing power parity (Mankiw 2009, pp. 707-709). The theory of Absolute Purchasing Power Parity asserts that the real prices of commodities must be identical in all countries. Thus, the absolute Purchasing power parity is realizable when the purchasing strength of the local and foreign currency is alike, after the conversion of the currencies to foreign denomination, using the

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example Should business take a cut in their profit margins in order to employ the jobless people or take part in environmental conservation practises? The answer to this question can be answered by analysing the long run effects of such a move to the business. When a business entity takes a cut in order to participate in corporate social responsibility, the earnings of the owners are reduced, this may have the effect of dampening their interests on the business or they may pressurize the chief executive officer of the business to make more profits for them. In turn, this would have the effect of increasing the prices of the goods and services that the company produces therefore a negative effect to the consumers, which the company was trying by getting involved in corporate social responsibility activities. Corporate social responsibility among business entities means that the business is getting money from consumers of their products and other stakeholders and spending it on their choice pr oject without necessarily consulting the financiers of the whole project since the decision of the project lies wholly on the chief executive officer and the board of directors. ... Financial fraud has been with us for a relatively long period of time where corporates have been tampering with their financial information to lie about their financial position in order to attract investors or to keep investors from investing in other rival firms. This has the effect of making investors lose billion of money when these companies collapse. For instance, Enron, Tyco, Worldcom and Adelphia have been involved in financial scandals involving manipulating of their financial information. Another form of financial fraud involves employees who are torn between pursuing their own selfish interests or the interests of their clients. For instance, brokers in insurance of money market are usually faced with the dilemma of pursuing their own selfish gains at the expense of the client’s interests although the law requires them to pursue their clients’ interests before their own. This trend is caused by the commission remuneration system that is used to pay brokers ba sed on the volume of business that they transact. Consumers are also involved in fraud, which cost the United States economy billions of dollars in revenue. The fraud from consumers is spread across almost all sectors of the economy, however the most hit sector is the insurance sector, which is reported to have lost about 10 per cent of the total claims to fraud, this includes claims on items that are not lost or damaged and treatment that is not offered. The clothing sector is another worst hit by fraud with estimates showing that about 16 billion dollars may have been lost in 2002 due to ‘wardrobing’ which is the returning of old clothes. Another area

Mancorp Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mancorp Organization - Essay Example Mancorp needs to change its organizational culture into an ethical institution that is guided by acculturated moral values among its members at different levels. I recommend two strategies for changing the organization’s culture to one whose practices will eliminate the current legal liabilities. â€Å"Positive reinforcement† is my preferred strategy (Luneburg and Ornstein 204). It involves the application of a stimulus after a desirable outcome and it would motivate members of the organization towards changing their attitudes and behaviors. Offering rewards to managers whose departments register lower reported cases of sexual harassment and sexual discrimination and promoting those whose departments succeed in mitigating the harassment and discrimination cases are examples of stimuli for the strategy. The approach can also be applied to mitigating fraud in the organization. The reinforcement strategy may however fail and I recommend punitive approach as a supplementary strategy. This strategy involves the application of a negative stimulus to an unwanted behavior such as suspending a manager who is found guilty of harassment, discrimination, or fraud. The two strategies will facilitate change in organizational culture. The organization should develop and implement a rule-based policy to achieving the proposed culture. It should, for example, develop the code of ethics and conduct that denounce sexual discrimination, sexual harassment, and fraud. The policy should further outline penalties for breaching outlaid codes. Further, the organization should organize training sessions for its employees, on ethical practices, and promote awareness on integrity, honesty, and respect of persons. Experts on organizational change can for example facilitate the training sessions. Application of these strategies, policy, and training program will ensure change and eliminate the liabilities. Mike Miller’s case The case involves Mike who purchased an automobile from Mountainside Audi dealership in Colorado. He left the state for New York but was involved in an accident in Indiana.

Company Delamere Pottery Limited Essay Example for Free

Company Delamere Pottery Limited Essay Company Delamere Pottery Limited, which produces earthenware tableware, founded in 1997 after obtaining assets of T.G. Delamera Co ltd. Company acquired a functional structure to better support the increase in turnover (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 53) in new markets areas that offer greater margins. To enhance the competitiveness, company launched a new strategies in business, marketing and finance mainly to increase gross margins by 10% and increase customer satisfaction together with a reduction of inventory (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 207). Business strategy is mainly based on the more efficient use of existing resources of the company. With implementation of the ERP system, the company promises to improve the planning, transparency and shortening process times and increasing the performance. ERP systems are often used by manufacturing companies to achieve a competitive advantage (Zhang et al, 2005, p. 69). ERP system helps companies create a strong information infrastructure, more accurate decision-making thanks to always actual data, enhance the overall quality and streamline the exchange of information between departments, suppliers and customers (Shatat Udin, 2012, p. 577). Further costs reductions, the company tried to streamline production by reducing the overall waste. Basically to become  ´Ã‚ ´lean ´Ã‚ ´ and build an efficient, just-in-time manufacturing system to increase the overall quality. According to Lewis (2000, p. 962), company which is lean, is effective in transforming inputs resources into outputs, this reduces the costs and increase overall business financial performance. Becoming more  ´Ã‚ ´lean ´Ã‚ ´ (having lower costs) is one of the advantages over the competition (Lewis, 2000, p. 964). Source: Lewis (2000, p. 962) One of the main asset of the company are employers. To increase the overall success of the company can be achieved by: increase communications, increasing cooperation and following common goals, raising creativity and innovation, emphasizing on continuous development, empowering people (Kourdi, 2003, p. 84). Marketing strategy relies mainly on improving quality of products, service and so increase the overall brand reputation. Delamere Pottery Limited wanted to differentiate from competition through their products, supply chain and marketing (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 90) and so obtained higher saleability. The achievement of this strategic plan had five segments: Quality, Design, Service, Reliability, Brand awareness (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 210). Marketing strategy was closely linked to business strategy, with emphasis on the lean production. Improvement of manufacturing processes has a direct positive impact on the quality of the products and also thorough better controlling of the packaging, labeling and delivery of products can reduce costs. The company sought to be recognized as a progressive and innovative (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 210), therefore been given a lot of emphasis on design. Decisions in product design can have a large impact on cost, but also with design can be achieved the differentiation from the competition and getting higher profits (Desai et al, 2001, p. 37). Be credible among customers, the company tried to improve service, improve communication and improve the performance in the delivery of finished products to the customers on time. To support this plan has been introduced customer relationship management (CRM). Another tool how to increase turnover is to enhance the brand awareness. Greater brand awareness among customers increase the differentiation from competition and gives firm the possibility to increase the prices of products. Financial Strategies Delamere Pottery Limited was divided into two main parts: increasing gross margin and additional turnover (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 211). The results of gross margins depended on the success of the implementation of ERP system, lean manufacturing and improved distribution and getting the brand into public awareness. Additional turnover was possible made by sale of selected products for specially selected markets and the gradual-depth sales to particular markets. In company Delamere Pottery Limited the main emphasis has been taken on comprehensive manufacturing strategy. To support this strategy, in year 1999 was presented the system MPC (Manufacturing, Planning, Control). MPC should be associated with the other main functions such as finance, purchasing, sales and marketing (Williamson et al., 2004, p. 216). According to Williamson et al. (2004, 216-218), the implementation of MPC system, company received the following benefits: -With connection to ERP system is possible to have more efficiently planning and greater control of the production. -With connection to CRM system improve communication and service with customers. Significant improvement of delivering products on time. Increase of  £2M in turnover. -Better inventory management, increased stock turns. Reduction in working capital  £120.000. -Better recognition of loss-making and non-contribution products. Enhance in pre-tax profits of  £150.000.